Math anxiety is not a joke. It's a real, physiological response that can shut down working memory and make learning impossible.

1. Acknowledge and Validate. The first step is to tell the student, 'I understand this is stressful, and it's a real feeling. We will work through it.'

2. Focus on Process, Not Answers. Shift the goal away from 'getting it right' and towards 'understanding the first step.'

3. Practice Mindfulness. Teach students a simple 30-second breathing exercise to do right before a quiz or when they feel overwhelmed.

4. Start with 'Low-Floor' Problems. Begin class with a problem that is accessible to everyone to build an early sense of confidence.

5. Allow for 'Mistake Celebrations.' When a student finds and understands their own mistake, treat it as a victory for learning.

6. Remove Time Pressure. For practice, allow students ample time. Speed is the enemy of a student with anxiety.

7. Build a Strong Foundation. Anxiety often stems from a shaky foundation. Go back and solidify the basics until they are automatic.

8. Praise Effort and Strategy. 'I'm so proud of how you stuck with that problem' is more powerful than 'You're so smart.'

Math anxiety can be overcome, but it requires patience, empathy, and a focus on building confidence above all else.