Humanism was the core intellectual movement of the Renaissance.

It focused on human potential, achievements, and reason, rather than solely on the religious doctrines of the Middle Ages.

Humanists were scholars who studied the classical literature, history, and philosophy of ancient Greece and Rome.

Petrarch, an Italian scholar from the 14th century, is often called the 'Father of Humanism' for his efforts in rediscovering classical texts.

The movement promoted 'studia humanitatis' (humanistic studies), which included grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, and moral philosophy.

Humanism emphasized the dignity of the individual and the ideal of the 'Renaissance Man,' a person skilled in many fields.

This focus on individualism was a significant shift from the corporate, group-based identity of the Middle Ages.

While often secular in focus, most humanists were devout Christians who believed that studying the classics could enrich one's faith.

Humanist ideas transformed education, art, and political thought during the Renaissance.

The invention of the printing press was crucial in spreading humanist texts and ideas across Europe.