The Munich Agreement was a settlement reached in September 1938 by Germany, Great Britain, France, and Italy.

The agreement permitted Nazi Germany's annexation of the Sudetenland, a border region of Czechoslovakia with a large ethnic German population.

Hitler had been demanding the Sudetenland and threatening to invade Czechoslovakia if his demands were not met.

The conference was held in Munich and was attended by Hitler, Mussolini, British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, and French Prime Minister Édouard Daladier.

Crucially, Czechoslovakia itself was not invited to the conference and was not consulted on the agreement.

The agreement was the culmination of the policy of appeasement.

Chamberlain returned to Britain famously declaring that he had achieved 'peace for our time.'

However, the agreement only postponed the war for a year.

In March 1939, Hitler violated the agreement by invading and dismantling the rest of Czechoslovakia.

The failure of the Munich Agreement demonstrated that Hitler could not be trusted and finally convinced Britain and France that appeasement had failed.