Avoiding Repetition in English Grammar | Class 10 CBSE Notes with Examples & PDFAvoiding Repetition Get PDF @ Rs. 99 – All Chapter Notes Get PDF @ Rs. 199 – Class 10 Notes AVOIDING REPETITIONWhat is Repetition?Repetition refers to the use of a word, phrase or clause more than once in a passage to emphasise a point. Repetition can either enrich a passage or clutter it with unnecessary information. Let us look at some examples.Read the following extract.In the above extract, the poet takes the liberty to use repetition in the last two lines as a literary device for poetic emphasis. Such a kind of repetition is granted. Now read the following lines.In the above extract, the noun ‘Robert Frost’ has been repeatedly used. Such kind of repetition elongates the piece and makes it verbose. This does not enrich the passage but makes reading a tedious process.However, there is another way of writing this passage:As you can see, the noun has been substituted with a pronoun in the second and the third instances. This has eliminated unnecessary repetition from the sentence.In this chapter, we will look at ways to avoid unnecessary repetition, through the process of omission and substitution.SubstitutionUsing Pronouns to substitute NounsKirti went to the market with her mother. She found it crowded and dirty.In the table below, the sentences on the left have repetitive elements. Examine the improved versions on the right to understand how one can avoid repetition by substituting a pronoun for a noun.Using SynonymsA synonym is a word which is used as a substitute for another word.More examples of synonymsOmissionAvoiding RedundancyRedundancy occurs when you use more words than necessary to put across a point. Let us look at a few sentences.More examples of wordiness• The woman shouted loudly at her toddler who spilled the milk.• The employees received added bonus following the windfall earnings.• These samples should be adequate enough for reference.• Blend together all the colours to create a mixture.• This is critically important for the successful launch of the brand.• We are pleased to offer you a free gift.• The two parts were joined together using a strong adhesive.• The man’s past history is not favourable.Eliminating WordinessWordiness occurs when too many words are used to express something that can be communicated in a few words.Making verbose sentences conciseVerbosity is the tendency to use a lot of words to express little. A great deal of empty talk covered in too many words makes writing unimpressive.Original BetterOriginal BetterThe officer reminded the petty thief of all the times when the thief was saved by the officer.The officer reminded the petty thief of all the times when he was saved by the officer.Though Rajan was out of town, Mahesh called Rajan and insisted that Rajan be present for the closing of the deal.Though Rajan was out of town, Mahesh called him and insisted that he be present for the closing of the deal.One book from the books at the bottom of the shelf does not belong to the owner of this house.One of the books at the bottom of the shelf does not belong to the owner of this house.Mr Kapoor arranged for his daughter to fly to England for further studies but Mr Kapoor did not know that his daughter was not interested in going aboard. His daughter was planning to work for an NGO.Mr Kapoor arranged for his daughter to fly to England for further studies but he did not know that she was not interested in going aboard. She was planning to work for an NGO.Original BetterOriginal BetterThe building was constructed five years ago by The building was constructed five years ago by a renowned builder. The building was then sold a renowned builder. The structure was then to someone else as the builder decided to wrap sold to someone else as the owner decided to up his business in the country and move to wrap up his business in the country and move to another continent. another continent.The building was constructed five years ago by The building was constructed five years ago by a renowned builder. The building was then sold a renowned builder. The structure was then to someone else as the builder decided to wrap sold to someone else as the owner decided to up his business in the country and move to wrap up his business in the country and move to another continent. another continent.Joseph was asked to write an article to the Joseph was asked to write an article to the editor of the magazine. He had to write the editor of the magazine. He had to draft the article to expose the issue of bullying in the piece to expose the issue of bullying in the school. The issue had been suppressed for a school. The problem had been suppressed for a long time. long time.Joseph was asked to write an article to the Joseph was asked to write an article to the editor of the magazine. He had to write the editor of the magazine. He had to draft the article to expose the issue of bullying in the piece to expose the issue of bullying in the school. The issue had been suppressed for a school. The problem had been suppressed for a long time. long time.The car was caught jumping the signal and was intercepted at the next junction. The car was driven by a man who was drunk and bleeding from his forehead.The car was caught jumping the signal and was intercepted at the next junction. The vehicle was driven by a man who was drunk and bleeding from his forehead.WordSynonymSynonymBuildingEdificeConstructionFarmFieldMeadowMoneyWealthBillLiquidSolventFluidOriginalBetterI want the homework finished completelybefore you go out to play.I want the homework finished before you go out to play.The children went to the park every day andThe children went to the park every day andThe children went to the park daily and played with their dog every day.played with their dog.ORThe children went to the park and played withtheir dog every day.The group of hikers had planned to return backto the camp site at nightfall.The group of hikers had planned to return to the camp site at nightfall.The board ignored the consensus of opinion of the employees while taking this decision.The board ignored the consensus of the employees while taking this decision.OriginalBetterThe cacophony of the sounds of the birds brought the wild jungle to life.The cacophony of the birds brought the jungle to life.Balsa wood is a kind of wood light in weight and native to and .Balsa is a light wood native to and .The evolution of the reptiles overtime helped them survive and continue to live for aeons of years.The evolution of reptiles helped them survive for aeons.The artificial prosthesis helped the man stand once again.The prosthesis helped the man stand once again.VerboseConciseThey are two men, both of whom are alike in their built and in their stature.They are two men of like built and stature.The old man told us that the way to the back of his house was full of bushes and thickets.The old man told us that the way to the backyard was full of bushes and thickets.During the time I spent living in Raigad I learnt alot about the physical features of the earth and the atmosphere of the area.During my stay in Raigad, I learnt a lot about thegeography of the area.They begged before him and requested him to They begged him to reconsider his selection.They begged before him and requested him to They begged him to reconsider his selection.reconsider what he had selected. 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